专升本英语阅读理解模拟试题及答案解析(9.15)

　　阅读理解：

　　The temperature is sharply rising with each passing day. People, including many experts, find it difficult to slow down the process. However, leaving coal and major fossil fuels in the ground could help to limit climate change in the future, according to a new study. That is to say, a third of oil reserves on the earth, half of gas reserves and over 80 percent of current coal reserves should not be used before 2050. If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future, we ought to carry out some measures to severely control the emissions from factories, vehicles and even our daily-life cooking. However, it is a goal that seems to be impossible in our eyes.

　　“Policymakers in different countries must realize that their attempt to completely use the fossil fuels within their countries is wholly incompatible(互斥的) with their hope to reach the 2-degree goal,” Dr. Christophe McGlade at University College London's Energy Institute said in a statement. “If they go ahead with developing their own resources,” he added, “they must be asked which reserves elsewhere should remain unburned in order for the carbon budget not to go beyond the limit.”

　　It's not surprising to see how tapping into these unused reserves would be attractive. Energy-related industry is a big business all over the world. There are many coal reserves in China, Russia and the United States, along with over 260 thousand million barrels of oil reserves in the Middle East. Not to mention that oil is currently being developed in the Arctic. Companies spent over $670 billion last year on the development of fossil fuels, but according to the new model used in this latest study, developers may need to rethink their plans to develop these underground resources so as to make some contributions to control the world temperature from rising high in the future.

　　“We've now got practical figures of the quantities and locations of fossil fuels that should remain unused if we try to keep within the 2-degree temperature limit,” added McGlade. World leaders and policymakers should take the advice to heart, because a recent IPCC report warned that if immediate and great action is not taken soon, climate change will cause irreversible(不可逆转的) impacts on the environment worldwide, leaving the world an unsafe place for us to live in.

　　问题：

　　1. According to Paragraph 1, our goal is to .

　　A.discover more fossil fuels for the future generation

　　B.stop the climate change

　　C.refuse to use reserves on the earth

　　D.keep the temperature rise below 2 degrees Celsius

　　【参考答案】D

　　[考点]推理判断题

　　【精析】D 根据第一段最后两句“If we are to prevent global temperatures from rising above 2 degrees Celsius in the near future, we ought to carry out some measures…it is a goal…”可推知，我们的目标是采取措施使全球气温的上升控制在2摄氏度以内。故选D。

　　2.The underlined word “emissions” in Paragraph 1 refers to .

　　A.things that are sent out into the air

　　B.products that are made from fossil fuels

　　C.factors that stop the climate change

　　D.changes that happen after the temperatures rise

　　【参考答案】A

　　[考点]词语理解题

　　【精析】A 根据第一段倒数第二句“…we ought to carry out some measures to severely control the emissions from factories, vehicles and even our daily-life cooking.”可知，emissions指的是工厂、机动车辆，甚至是家庭厨灶排放的废气。故选A。

　　3.According to what McGlade said in Paragraph 2, all countries should .

　　A.make full use of their fossil fuels

　　B.work together towards the 2-degree goal

　　C.find better ways to dig out the coal

　　D.increase the global carbon budget

　　【参考答案】B

　　[考点]推理判断题

　　【精析】B 根据第二段的内容可推知，McGlade认为，如果一个国家想继续开发自己的资源，就必须要求不燃烧在其他地方的某种资源，以便碳排放量不会超过预算的限度。由此可推知，要想实现“2摄氏度”的目标，各个国家必须通力合作，所以B项正确。其他三个选项均与第二段内容不符。故选B。

　　4. We can infer from Paragraph 3 that great efforts have been made in .

　　A.digging out the oil in the Middle East

　　B.getting people to rethink their fuel plans

　　C.developing fossil fuels

　　D.developing energy-related industry worldwide

　　【参考答案】C

　　[考点]推理判断题

　　【精析】C 根据第三段最后一句“Companies spent over $670 billion last year on the development of fossil fuels…”可知，去年一些公司在化石燃料的开发上投入了超过6700亿美元。由此可推知，人们在开发化石燃料方面付出了巨大的努力。故选C。

　　5.What is the author's attitude towards the future of temperature control?

　　A.Confident.

　　B.Negative.

　　C.Satisfied.

　　D.Positive.

　　【参考答案】B

　　[考点]观点态度题

　　【精析】B 根据第一段最后一句“However, it is a goal that seems to be impossible in our eyes.”可知，将全球气温上升控制在2摄氏度以内这一目标似乎是难以实现的。由此可推知，作者对气温控制的未来持消极态度。